Cervical Fusion (ACDF) in India
Surgical procedure to fuse cervical vertebrae and relieve nerve compression in the neck
Overview
Symptoms & Indications
This surgery may be recommended if you experience:
Persistent neck pain radiating to shoulders and arms
Numbness, tingling, or weakness in hands and fingers
Arm pain worse than neck pain (radiculopathy)
Difficulty with fine motor tasks (buttoning, writing)
Electric shock-like sensations down the arms
Headaches originating from the neck
Muscle spasms in neck and shoulders
Loss of grip strength and hand dexterity
Difficulty walking or balance problems (myelopathy)
Progressive neurological decline despite conservative treatment
Procedure Details
Duration
2-3 hours for single-level fusion; additional 30-45 minutes per extra level
Anesthesia
General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation and neuromonitoring
Preparation for Surgery
Comprehensive spine evaluation with MRI, CT scan, and X-rays. Neurological examination to assess nerve function. Discussion of fusion levels and implant options. Pre-surgical medical clearance. Smoking cessation at least 4 weeks before surgery (critical for fusion success). Stopping blood thinners as directed. Fasting 8-12 hours before surgery.
Surgical Steps
General anesthesia administration and patient positioning supine (on back)
Small horizontal skin incision (2-3 cm) made on the front/side of the neck
Careful dissection and gentle retraction of vital neck structures (carotid artery, jugular vein, esophagus, trachea)
Exposure of the affected cervical disc space using fluoroscopy (live X-ray) guidance
Complete removal of the damaged disc (discectomy) using specialized instruments
Thorough decompression of nerve roots and spinal cord by removing bone spurs and ligaments
Preparation of vertebral endplates and insertion of bone graft or interbody cage filled with bone graft material
Placement of anterior titanium plate and screws to stabilize the fusion construct
Final fluoroscopic confirmation of proper implant position and alignment
Closure of incision in layers with absorbable sutures (minimal scarring)
Recovery Timeline
What to expect during your recovery journey
Initial Recovery
Most patients go home next day. Neck brace may be prescribed. Pain management with medications. Early walking encouraged.
Rest and Gradual Activity
Rest and gradual increase in daily activities. Neck brace worn as directed (if prescribed). Avoid heavy lifting, bending, twisting. Return to light desk work possible.
Progressive Activity & Physical Therapy
Progressive increase in activities. Physical therapy begins to improve neck mobility and strength. Driving permitted when off narcotic pain medications.
Continued Therapy & Assessment
Continued physical therapy. X-rays to assess early fusion progress. Return to moderate activities and physical work. Bone fusion actively occurring.
Full Recovery & Return to Activities
Fusion typically complete by 6 months. X-rays or CT scan to confirm solid fusion. Return to unrestricted activities including sports. Long-term success with proper spine care.
Tips for Faster Recovery
Wear neck brace exactly as prescribed (typically 4-6 weeks if used)
Avoid smoking and nicotine products (severely impairs fusion healing)
Take calcium and vitamin D supplements to support bone fusion
Sleep with proper neck support using cervical pillow
Avoid overhead reaching and repetitive neck turning in early recovery
Maintain good posture and ergonomics at work and home
Follow physical therapy program to restore neck strength and mobility
Attend all follow-up appointments for fusion assessment with X-rays
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this procedure
Q1.How successful is cervical fusion surgery?
Q2.Will I lose neck motion after cervical fusion?
Q3.What is the cost of cervical fusion surgery in Bihar?
Q4.How long does it take for the bones to fuse together?
Q5.Can I avoid fusion with physical therapy or injections instead?
Considering This Surgery?
Book an online video consultation with Dr. Gurudeo Kumar for just ₹999 and get all your questions answered