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Radius and Ulna Fracture Surgery in India

Surgical fixation of forearm bone fractures to restore alignment and function.

Overview

Radius and ulna fracture surgery addresses injuries to the two parallel bones of the forearm that work together to enable rotation, flexion, and extension of the wrist and hand. The radius (on the thumb side) and ulna (on the pinky side) function as a unit, articulating with the humerus at the elbow and with the carpal bones at the wrist. Forearm fractures are among the most common skeletal injuries, occurring from falls onto an outstretched hand, direct trauma, motor vehicle accidents, or sports injuries. The complexity of forearm anatomy requires precise restoration of alignment to maintain the critical relationships between these bones and preserve forearm rotation (pronation and supination). Dr. Kumar treats the full spectrum of radius and ulna fractures at Arthoscenter, from isolated single-bone fractures to complex both-bone forearm fractures, open fractures with soft tissue injury, and special fracture patterns such as Monteggia fracture-dislocations (ulna fracture with radial head dislocation) and Galeazzi fractures (radius fracture with distal radioulnar joint disruption). In adults, most displaced forearm fractures require surgical fixation because closed treatment rarely maintains adequate alignment due to the deforming forces of forearm muscles and the need for perfect apposition to restore rotation. Even small degrees of malunion (healing in poor position) or shortening can significantly impair forearm function by limiting rotation and causing chronic pain. The surgical approach to radius and ulna fractures typically involves open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using compression plates and screws. Dr. Kumar employs the Henry approach for radius exposure (between brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis muscles) and subcutaneous approach for ulnar exposure, carefully protecting neurovascular structures including the radial nerve, posterior interosseous nerve, and ulnar nerve. Modern fracture fixation principles emphasize anatomic reduction, stable fixation allowing early mobilization, and preservation of soft tissue attachments. Locking compression plates provide angular stability and are particularly valuable in osteoporotic bone, comminuted fractures, and periarticular fractures near the wrist or elbow. For both-bone forearm fractures, dual plating of both radius and ulna is standard treatment in adults, restoring the normal length, alignment, and rotational relationships. Intraoperative considerations include restoring the radial bow (natural curvature of the radius), maintaining proper interosseous space between the bones, achieving anatomic reduction at fracture sites, and securing stable fixation that allows immediate range of motion exercises. In children and adolescents, flexible intramedullary nailing or closed reduction with casting may be appropriate depending on age and fracture pattern, as children have significant remodeling potential. However, adolescents near skeletal maturity are typically treated with adult techniques. At Arthoscenter, Dr. Kumar achieves excellent outcomes in forearm fracture surgery, with over 90% of patients regaining full or near-full forearm rotation and wrist function. The key to success lies in meticulous surgical technique, anatomic reduction, stable fixation, and early rehabilitation. Complications can include nonunion (failure to heal), malunion (healing in poor position), synostosis (abnormal bone bridge between radius and ulna causing loss of rotation), nerve injury, infection, and hardware irritation. Our comprehensive approach includes careful pre-operative planning with CT scans for complex fractures, precise surgical execution, and structured post-operative rehabilitation protocols emphasizing early range of motion while protecting healing bone. Most patients return to normal activities within 3-4 months, with plate removal considered after complete healing at 12-18 months if hardware causes symptoms.

Symptoms & Indications

This surgery may be recommended if you experience:

Severe forearm pain

Visible deformity or angulation

Swelling and bruising

Inability to rotate forearm (pronation/supination)

Limited wrist and elbow motion

Tenderness along radius or ulna

Crepitus (grinding sensation) with movement

Open wound with bone visible (open fracture)

Numbness or tingling (nerve injury)

Compartment syndrome (severe pain, tense forearm)

Procedure Details

Duration

2-3 hours

Anesthesia

General or Regional Block

Preparation for Surgery

X-rays (AP and lateral forearm, elbow, wrist). CT scan for complex fractures. Compartment pressure monitoring if swelling severe. Antibiotics if open fracture.

Surgical Steps

1

General or regional anesthesia (supraclavicular block)

2

Patient positioned supine with arm on hand table

3

Tourniquet application for bloodless field

4

Henry approach (volar) for radius exposure

5

Subcutaneous approach for ulna exposure

6

Anatomic fracture reduction with restoration of radial bow

7

Locking compression plate application on radius

8

Plate application on ulna (typically dorsal surface)

9

Screw fixation ensuring bicortical purchase

10

Fluoroscopic confirmation of reduction and hardware

11

Verification of forearm rotation intraoperatively

12

Wound irrigation and layered closure

13

Splint application in neutral rotation

Recovery Timeline

What to expect during your recovery journey

Week 1-2

Initial healing

Splint immobilization, wound care, pain management

Week 2-6

Early rehabilitation

Gentle active range of motion, no resistance

Week 6-12

Strengthening

Progressive resistance exercises, functional activities

Month 3-6

Full recovery

Return to normal activities and sports

Tips for Faster Recovery

Start finger and shoulder motion immediately

Splint typically worn 2 weeks

Begin gentle elbow and wrist motion at 2 weeks

Forearm rotation exercises critical for function

No lifting >5 lbs first 6 weeks

Bone healing confirmed by X-ray at 6-12 weeks

Physical therapy essential for optimal recovery

Most regain full or near-full rotation

Return to contact sports 3-4 months

Plate removal optional at 12-18 months if symptomatic

Excellent functional outcomes expected

Avoid activities risking refracture until healed

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this procedure

Q1.What is the recovery time?

Bone healing takes 6-12 weeks. Full functional recovery typically 3-4 months. Most patients regain full forearm rotation with proper treatment.

Q2.What is the success rate?

Over 90% achieve excellent functional outcomes at Arthoscenter. Success depends on anatomic reduction and early rehabilitation.

Q3.What is the cost?

Cost ranges ₹1.5-3 lakhs for both-bone forearm fracture surgery. Single bone fractures less expensive. PMJAY/BSKY accepted. Book ₹999 consultation.

Considering This Surgery?

Book an online video consultation with Dr. Gurudeo Kumar for just ₹999 and get all your questions answered